Port risk class risk class criteria %mortality outpatient inpatient i age pneumonia definition pneumonia is an acute infection of the parenchyma of the lung, caused. In most cases, presentation is in the milder spectrum of communityacquired pneumonia. There is fluid accumulation in a lung distal air spaces. Pneumonia can be classified as typical or atypical, although the clini. Med ppt pneumonia for lecture pneumonia epidemiology scribd. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection. Presentation of lung cancer as nonresolving pneumonia is not a very common.
Pneumonia more rarely can be caused by a parasite, fungus or yeast. Treatment and prevention of pneumonia report by the secretariat burden and epidemiology of pneumonia 1. He has been living in chengdu, sichuan province, for a long time. Pneumonia caused by bacteria can be treated with antibiotics, but only one third of children with pneumonia receive the antibiotics they need. Demographics pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children worldwide, accounting for 15% of all deaths of children under 5 years old. In other parts of the world, rates of pneumonia and deaths are much higher. Aspiration pneumonia scott gabbard, md 2112008 aspiration pneumonia definition misdirection of gastric contents into the larynx resulting from alteration in lower. Ppt pneumonia powerpoint presentation free to download id. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Can also be caused by other bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites. P neumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
Clinical evidence tables patient characteristics, interventions and study design. Characterized primarily by inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs alveoli are microscopic sacs in the lungs that absorb oxygen. The diagnosis of cap is usually made in patients with suggestive symptoms, signs, and radiological features. Although pneumococcal pneumonia has been studied for decades, there are still many. Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known. Neonatal pneumonia an overview sciencedirect topics. The incidence of neonatal pneumonia has been estimated at 1% in term and at least 10% in preterm infants.
Communityacquired pneumonia patient education booklet. Community acquired pneumonia in previously healthy. Pneumonia is often a shortterm illness but sometimes it can last longer, or get worse before it gets better. Diagnosis and management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults richard r. Aspiration pneumonia is caused by a foreign material, usually food or vomit getting into the lungs from the throat, which irritates the airways and lung tissue and increases chances of a bacterial infection. Pneumonia outlines introduction signs and symptoms etiology diagnosis complications treatment general management 3. According to the infectious disease society of america idsa, pneumonia is the sixth leading cause of death in the usa, with greater than 14% mortality among hospitalized patients. Diagnosis and treatment of communityacquired pneumonia. Lemonovich, md, university hospitals case medical center, cleveland, ohio c ommunityacquired pneumonia cap is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. Clinical presentation pneumonia is an inflammation or infection of the lungs that causes them to function abnormally. Pdf pneumonia from the greek pneuma, breath is a potentially fatal infection and. Med ppt pneumonia for lecture free download as powerpoint presentation.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a frequent cause of respiratory infections, including communityacquired pneumonia, in schoolage children. Pneumonia due to streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be a challenge. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on. There was a call to reach a consensus on definitions of pneumonia in both resourcelimited and wellresourced settings.
Communityacquired pneumonia education booklet outpatient page 1 updated june 2009 what is pneumonia. The definition and classification of pneumonia cyberleninka. X ray examination reveal cavity at the formation at the site of necrosis. Community acquired hospital acquired can vary from indolent to fulminating presentation pulmonary. Nosocomial infections george washington university. Clinical presentations and outcome of severe communityacquired. Overview of pneumonia summary of relevant conditions. Pneumonia killed an estimated 9,35,000 children under the age of five in 20. Risk factors for aspiration pneumonia langmore 1999. Changes of ct findings in a 2019 novel coronavirus 2019. Pneumonia free download as powerpoint presentation. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash.
The radiological presentation can sometimes give us a clue to the infecting organisms table 4. Aslam calicut to download this presentation, login at slideshare and click on download button. Watkins, md, ms, akron general medical center, akron, ohio tracy l. When you breathe in, oxygenrich air travels into the body through the airways trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles in your lungs. In adults it is mostly caused by bacteria whereas in children and infants it is commonly due to viruses. Pneumonia remains a leading cause of u5 morbidity and mortality in developing countries like nigeria.
Rp is a 68 yearold male who was admitted to the hospital from his longterm care facility after 1 week of dyspnea and cough. Physical or chemical injury to the lungs can also result in the condition. Communityacquired pneumonia cap is a common cause of presentation to healthcare facilities. Types of pneumonia pneumonia affects your lungs in two ways. Ppt aspiration pneumonia powerpoint presentation free. This study was conducted to determine the clinical presentation, complica.
Pneumonia kills more children under five than aids, malaria, and measles combined, yet increased attention in recent years have been on the latter diseases. Millennium development goal 4 reduce child mortality can only be achieved through intensified efforts to reduce the major causes of death in children under the age of five years. Severe communityacquired pneumonia scap represents a frequent and potentially. Alveoli air sacs of lungs fill with fluid and pus, making breathing more difficult. Pneumonia is a catchall term for an infection of the lung. This presentation summarizes what is known about the outbreak and shares infection prevention practices likely to help prevent human infection. However, his mother had traveled to wuhan a week ago and was diagnosed with the new coronavirus after she got back home.
Course of 5 days and 23 days afebrile is sufficient in low severity community acquired pneumonia. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection sari when covid19 disease is suspected interim guidance march 2020 this is the second edition version 1. Clinical presentation usual bacteria suddensubacute onset fever with chills, rigors productive cough, mucopurulent sputum tachypnea and tachycardia breathlessness pleuriticchest pain breath sound. Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by infection. Pneumonia is a serious and common infection occurring in hospitalized and nursing home patients. Pneumonia can range in severity from a mild illness to a severe, even lifethreatening illness. A number of noninfectious conditions, including neoplastic lesions, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary embolism, druginduced pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar haemorrhage syndromes. Pneumonia can be caused by a variety of germs, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Ppt pneumonia powerpoint presentation free to download.
Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Pneumonia is usually caused due to an infection with a bacteria, virus, fungi or parasite. What pneumonia does when you have pneumonia your lungs are inflamed or infected. Caused by bacteria called pneumococcus streptococcus. A 47yearold man had a history of cough, sputum production, sore throat and throbbing headache for 3 days without fever. He was prescribed azithromycin, but has not improved. The care provider can usually diagnose the cause and determine the appropriate therapy based on the history and physical. Pdf presentation, complications and management outcome of. Pneumonia in children typically presents with tachypnea rapid breathing, fever, and cough. Pneumonia definition pneumonia is an acute infection of the parenchyma of the lung, caused. Sarscov2 was likely transmitted from bats to other animals to. Background pneumonia was first described by hippocrates 5 460 370 bc. Clinical presentation, processes and outcomes of care for.
However, as the science surrounding the diagnosis of this pathogen improves, our knowledge of its epidemiology, including asymptomatic carriage, and the management of this disease is evolving. Pneumonia pneumonia is an infection in one or both of your lungs. As a cohort, patients who are hospitalised with atypical infection tend to be younger, and are less likely to have cardiovascular, renal, or metabolic comorbidities. The air spaces fill with pus and other liquids, so oxygen cant reach your blood. In the preantibiotic era it accounted for most cases of pneumonia. Pneumonia is an infection of the pulmonary parenchyma. When an individual has pneumonia, the alveoli in the lungs are filled with pus and fluid, which. Tools for assessing disease severity in people with cap at first presentation. Customize your jama network experience by selecting one or more topics from the list below. Most cases of nosocomial pneumonia are aspiration related, with oropharyngeal secretions, refluxed gastric contents, food, andor liquid being the possible sources of aspiration. Noninfectious mimics of communityacquired pneumonia. Most of the time, however, people experience a full recovery. He was seen by a staff physician at the longterm care facility and was diagnosed with a copd exacerbation.
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